Today in Labor History November 16, 1849: Russian authorities gave a death sentence to author Fyodor Dostoevsky for anti-government activities linked to a radical intellectual group called the Petrashevsky Circle. He and his colleagues were lined up before the firing squad when, at the last minute, a cart arrived with a letter from the Tsar, commuting their sentence. He still had to serve 4 years hard labor in Siberia. Dostoevsky alludes to his experience before the firing squad in his 1868-1869 novel, “The Idiot.” #workingclass #LaborHistory #radical #deathpenalty #executuion #russia #dostoevsky #writer #author #fiction #novel #books [@bookstadon](

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Tea time in McLaren Park, San Francisco

Tiles in McLaren Park, San Francisco

Mallards in McLaren Park, San Francisco

November 15, 1936: 1,800 militiamen from the anarchist Durutti Column entered Madrid to fight the fascists. Madrid was the first large city in the world to be subjected to a fascist attack as a prelude to WWII. By November 18th, only 700 of the 1800 anarchist militiamen were still fighting. Many had died and others had deserted because of hunger and sleep deprivation. Durutti persuaded some to return to their positions, but was himself mortally wounded on November 20. #workingclass #LaborHistory #anarchism #spain #civilwar #antifa #antifascism #fascism #madrid #durutti #durutticolumn #WorldWarTwo

Today in Labor History November 15, 1842: 20 enslaved African-Americans, owned by the Cherokee, escaped and tried to reach Mexico, where slavery had been abolished since 1829, in the largest Slave Revolt ever in the Cherokee Nation. Along their way south, they were joined by 15 slaves escaping from the Creek Nation in Indian Territory. Some Native Americans held war captives as slaves, even prior to European colonization of the Americas. This included the Haida, and numerous tribes from the Pacific Northwest. And many more Indigenous people were captured and enslaved by the Europeans during the colonization process. A small number of tribes also held African-Americans as slaves. While many other tribes gave sanctuary to African-Americans who had escaped slavery, incorporating them into their societies, like the Seminole. #workingclass #LaborHistory #nativeamerican #slavery #Indigenous #colonialism #slaverevolt #rebellion #abolition #africanamerican #BlackMastodon

Today in Labor History November 15, 1919: The main headquarters of the New York City Wobblies (IWW) was ransacked and destroyed by agents acting under the US Attorney General Palmer. The Palmer raids were part of the first U.S. communist witch hunt, starting well before the more well-known McCarthy purges. It was also where J. Edgar Hoover cut his baby teeth. Between 1917 and 1919, the IWW membership had plummeted from 300,000 in the U.S. to around 30,000, due in large part to the mass arrests, murders and deportations of IWW members, anarchists, and other radicals during the Palmer raids. #workingclass #LaborHistory #IWW #anarchism #wobblies #redscare #palmerraids #police #union #repression #FreeSpeech #solidarity #communism #mccarthy #JEdgarHoover