
RFI
‘We're fighting a daily battle': Iranian women dare to shed hijab in public
Three years after 22-year-old Mahsa Amini died after being arrested for failing to cover her head, more and more women are pushing the boundaries ...
"When I look at old photos of myself wearing the hijab, I find it quite strange," she told RFI, speaking on condition of anonymity. "I no longer recognise myself." Today, she leads most of her daily life without a headscarf. While she walks in the street or visits cafés bareheaded, she still covers up to visit government offices, where women are denied entry unless they comply with Iran's religious dress code.
She is not alone. A growing number of women are daring to defy the rules since Amini's death in police custody provoked protests across Iran and the wider world. "At first, it was mainly young people," the woman said. "Now it's more and more women, not all young." Wearing a hijab remains the law in Iran, as it has been since the Islamic revolution of 1979. Some police forces are reportedly enforcing this law less rigorously in the aftermath of the protests, although observers say this varies from town to town.
Iran's parliament last year passed a law – drafted some eight months after Amini's death – that increased surveillance and imposed even harsher penalties for women and girls who refuse to entirely cover their hair, forearms or lower legs. Yet the government postponed its implementation, originally planned for December 2024, and called for the text to be revised. The legislation remains pending.
President Massoud Pezeshkian, elected last July, has publicly expressed reservations about the mandatory hijab, telling American broadcaster NBC News: "Human beings have a right to choose." His position is at odds with hardline lawmakers, who earlier this month wrote to Iran's chief justice to complain about lax enforcement of the dress code. Conservative protesters have also turned out repeatedly to call for stricter punishment, including staging a sitWomen's dress remains a lightning rod in Iran, nearly 50 years into its theocracy.
"The veil is more than a just a piece of cloth," explained Azadeh Kian, professor of sociology and director of the Centre for Gender and Feminist Studies at Paris Cité University. "It is an ideology that has been imposed on women since the beginning of the Islamic Republic."-in outside parliament that lasted around six weeks.